Ibara ry'umutuku rya Amaranthus
Amaranthus ni iki?
Amaranth (izina rya siyansi: Amaranthus tricolor L.), izwi kandi ku izina rya "amaranth y'icyatsi", ni ubwoko bwa amaranth mu muryango wa Amaranthaceae.
Amaranthus ikomoka mu Bushinwa, mu Buhinde no mu Majyepfo y'Amajyepfo ya Aziya. Inkingi za Amaranth ni nini, ni icyatsi cyangwa umutuku, akenshi zifite amashami, zifite amababi ameze nk'ay'umweru, afite ishusho nk'iy'umutuku cyangwa iy'umukara, icyatsi kibisi cyangwa akenshi umutuku, umuhengeri, umuhondo cyangwa icyatsi kibisi kimwe n'andi mabara. Indabyo ziba zifite uruziga, zivanze n'indabyo z'abagabo n'abagore, naho utubuto tw'umuhondo dufite ishusho nk'iy'umutuku. Imbuto ziba ziri munsi y'uruziga cyangwa zifite ishusho nk'iy'umukara, umukara cyangwa umukara, zirabya kuva muri Gicurasi kugeza muri Kanama kandi zigatanga imbuto kuva muri Nyakanga kugeza muri Nzeri. Ntizihanganira, zoroshye guhinga, zikunda ubushyuhe, zihanganira amapfa n'ubushuhe, kandi ntizifite udukoko n'indwara nyinshi. Imizi, imbuto n'ibyatsi byose bikoreshwa nk'umuti wo kunoza amaso, worohereza kwihagarika no kwituma, kandi ugakuraho ubukonje n'ubushyuhe.
Akamaro k'irangi ritukura rya Amaranthus:
Amaranthus Red Colorant ni ibara karemano rivanwa muri amaranth hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya biotechnology. Rikoreshwa cyane cyane mu biribwa, nk'ibinyobwa, ibinyobwa birimo karubone, divayi yatetse, bombo, imitako y'amakeke, ubudodo butukura n'icyatsi kibisi, plum y'icyatsi kibisi, ibikomoka kuri hawthorn, jelly, nibindi, nk'ibara ritukura.
Amabara atanga ibi bicuruzwa bifite umutuku n'icyatsi kibisi bikungahaye kandi bitangaje, bigatuma bisa neza kandi bikurura.
Uretse kongeramo ibara, hari inyungu nyinshi zo gukoresha irangi rya amaranth mu biribwa. Ubwa mbere, ni irangi karemano ry'ibiryo, bivuze ko ridafite imiti yangiza ikoreshwa mu buhanga. Ibi bituma riba amahitamo meza kandi meza ku bana n'abantu bakuru.
Amaherezo, amaranth ikungahaye ku bintu birwanya utwo dukoko n'intungamubiri, bifite akamaro kenshi ku buzima. Ikungahaye kuri vitamine C, icyuma na kalisiyumu, bifasha mu kunoza ubuzima rusange n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwayo bwo kurwanya ububyimbirwe bufasha kugabanya ububyimbirwe mu mubiri no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara zidakira.
Mu gusoza, ibara rya amaranth ni ibara ry’ibiribwa risanzwe, rifite umutekano kandi rifite ubuzima bwiza. Uretse kuba ritanga ibara ryiza, rifite kandi akamaro kenshi ku buzima, bigatuma riba amahitamo meza ku nganda z’ibiribwa. Bakoresheje ibara rya amaranth, abakora ibiryo bashobora gukora ibintu biryoshye nk’uko biryoshye kandi bifite ubwiza.
Intangiriro y'irangi ritukura rya Amaranthus:
Amaranth ni ubwoko bwa amaranth mu muryango wa Amaranthaceae, ikomoka mu turere dushyuha n'utwo muri Amerika no mu majyepfo ya Aziya. Icyari kizwi cyane ni uko yari imboga zo mu gasozi zigaburira abashonje.
Amaranth yo mu gasozi irahindagurika kandi irakomeye ku buryo mu migenzo y'Abashinwa, ntabwo iribwa nk'imboga zo mu gasozi gusa, ahubwo inakoreshwa nk'umuti gakondo w'Abashinwa cyangwa igaburirwa amatungo. Amaranth ihingwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika no mu Buhinde nk'ibiryo by'amatungo. Byongeye kandi, amwe mu maranth yashyizwe mu bimera by'imitako, nka amaranth ifite amabara atanu.
Amateka ya amaranth nk'imboga zihingwa mu buryo bw'ubukorano yahereye ku ngoma ya Song na Yuan. Amaranth ikunze kugaragara ku isoko muri iki gihe ni amaranth itukura, yitwa kandi amaranth y'amabara atatu, umutuku w'ishyamba, n'ibinyampeke by'umuceri. Ikunze kugaragara cyane mu majyepfo y'Ubushinwa, kandi muri Hubei, abantu bayita "imboga z'ibijumba", kandi ikunze kuboneka mu mpeshyi no mu gihe cy'izuba. Irangwa n'amababi atukura nk'umutuku, akenshi akaba n'umutuku nk'umutuku. Uretse amaranth itukura, hari kandi amaranth y'icyatsi kibisi (yitwa kandi sesame amaranth, amaranth yera) na amaranth itukura nk'umutuku.
Ibara ry'isupu y'umutuku ya amaranth rirabagirana kandi rishobora kuribwa n'umuceri, ariko biragoye kuyimesa iyo yamenetse ku myenda ku buryo butunguranye. Ibara riri mu isupu y'umutuku ya amaranth ni ibara ry'umutuku rya amaranth, ibara rishongera mu mazi, riri mu itsinda rya anthocyanin, igice cy'ingenzi cyaryo kikaba ari amaranth glucoside n'ingano nto ya beet glucoside (umutuku wa beet). Nubwo ifite ibara risa na anthocyanin, imiterere ya shimi itandukanye cyane, bityo imiterere ya shimi irahamye cyane. Ibara ry'umutuku rya amaranth naryo rifite intege nke, nko kudashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe burambye no kudakunda cyane ibidukikije bya alkaline. Mu bidukikije birimo aside, ibara ry'umutuku rya amaranth ni ibara ry'umuhengeri n'umutuku, kandi rihinduka umuhondo iyo pH irenze 10.
Muri iki gihe, abantu bakura ibara rya amaranth mu nganda z'ibiribwa, cyane cyane mu gukora bombo, amafunguro, ibinyobwa, n'ibindi.
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