Spirulina ni iki?
Spirulina ikunze kwitwa "algae y'ubururu-icyatsi," ariko mu rwego rwa siyansi, iri mu bwoko bwa Cyanobacteria - itsinda ry'ibinyabuzima bya prokaryotic (bidafite nucleus ifatanye na membrane) aho kuba algae nyayo. Nk'imwe mu miterere ya fotosynthesis ya kera cyane ku Isi, ifite amateka y'ihindagurika ry'ikirere ryabayeho mu myaka irenga miliyari 3.5, yamenyereye gukurira mu bidukikije bikomeye nko mu biyaga bya alkaline, mu mazi y'umunyu, ndetse no mu turere twumye dufite izuba ryinshi. Izina "cyanobacteria" rikomoka ku ibara ry'ubururu bwabo, riterwa na phycocyanin - ibara rishongera mu mazi rikorana na chlorophyll (itanga icyatsi) kugira ngo itere fotosynthesis. Mu buryo bwa mikorosikopi, uduce twa spirulina dukora imiterere yihariye y'uruziga cyangwa uruziga, ari na ko ihabwa izina risanzwe ("spirulina" rikomoka ku ijambo ry'Ikilatini risobanura "uruziga").
Mu bucuruzi, amagambo "cyanobacteria" na "spirulina" akunze gukoreshwa mu buryo bumwe, yerekeza ku kinyabuzima kimwe gihingwa—cyane cyane ubwoko nka Arthrospira platensis na Arthrospira maxima, buzwiho agaciro kabwo ko hejuru mu mirire no mu mutekano. Spirulina ihingwa ku isi yose mu byuzi bya alkaline cyangwa bioreactors, irakusanywa, ikanishwa, igatunganywa ifu, ibinini, capsules, cyangwa ibikomoka ku bimera kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu nyongeramusaruro, ibiryo, ibinyobwa, n'amavuta yo kwisiga. Uruvange rwayo rwihariye rw'inkomoko ya kera, imiterere yihariye y'umubiri, n'inyungu zidasanzwe mu mirire byatumye iba ingenzi mu nganda z'ubuzima n'imibereho myiza.
Ingaruka za Spirulina n'imikorere yayo
1. Yongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bw'umuntu
Spirulina igaragara nk'ibiribwa byuzuye intungamubiri, irimo poroteyine nziza y'ibimera (igizwe na 60-70% by'uburemere bwayo bwumye), aside amine zose z'ingenzi, ibintu byinshi (nk'icyuma, zinc, selenium, na manyeziyumu), vitamine zishonga mu mavuta n'izishonga mu mazi (harimo vitamine B-complex, vitamine C, vitamine E, na beta-carotene), hamwe n'ibintu bikora nka phycocyanin, polysaccharides, na chlorophyll. Izi ntungamubiri zikorana kugira ngo zishyigikire imikorere y'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: poroteyine y'ibimera na aside amine bikora nk'inkingi z'ubwubatsi bw'uturemangingo tw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri (urugero: lymphocytes, macrophages) na antibody, mu gihe polysaccharides na phycocyanin bitera kwiyongera no gukora kw'uturemangingo tw'umusemburo w'amagufwa - ingenzi mu gukora uturemangingo dufitanye isano n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Byongeye kandi, binyuze mu guteza imbere imikorere ya poroteyine zo mu maraso (harimo na globulins zigira uruhare runini mu kurinda ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri), spirulina yongera ubushobozi karemano bw'umubiri bwo kurwanya indwara, kugabanya kwandura, no kongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri muri rusange.
2. Biteza imbere imirire mibi y'abana
Abana bari mu cyiciro cy'imikurire n'imikurire yabo bafite ibyo bakeneye byihariye mu mirire, kandi spirulina ikemura ibibazo bikunze kugaragara mu mirire isanzwe. Iboneka mu buryo busanzwe mu ma aside amine nka lysine na tryptophan—intungamubiri zikunze kuba zidahagije mu biribwa by'ibanze nk'umuceri n'ingano—ndetse n'ubwoko bwose bwa vitamine (cyane cyane B12, iboneka mu mirire ishingiye ku bimera, na vitamine A ku buzima bw'amaso). Itanga kandi imyunyu ngugu iboneka cyane, harimo icyuma, zinki, na calcium, ari ingenzi mu mikurire y'amagufwa, imikurire y'ubwenge, n'imikorere y'imikorere y'umubiri. Nk'inyongeramusaruro isanzwe kandi yoroshye kugogora, spirulina irinda neza ibura ry'ibisanzwe mu bana bakura, nko kubura icyuma (impamvu nyamukuru itera umunaniro no kudashyira mu gaciro), kubura zinki (bifitanye isano no gutinda gukura no kudakora neza kw'umubiri), no kubura calcium (ingenzi ku buzima bw'amagufwa n'amenyo). Uburyohe bwayo bworoshye n'imiterere myiza bituma byoroha kuyishyira mu mafunguro y'abana, nk'igikoma, smoothies, cyangwa ibiryo byaseye, bifasha imikurire myiza y'umubiri n'iy'ubwenge.
3. Ifasha ubuzima bw'impyiko
Indwara z'impyiko zikunze guterwa no kubyimba gukabije, kwibumbira mu maraso, cyangwa imikorere mibi yo gusukura amaraso—ibibazo spirulina ishobora gufasha gukemura binyuze mu miterere yayo yihariye y'intungamubiri. Chlorophyll iri muri spirulina ikora nk'umusemburo karemano wo gusukura, ihuzwa n'ibyuma bikomeye, imyanda ya metabolike, n'ibintu byangiza mu maraso, bigatuma bivanwa mu buryo bw'igogora n'inkari. Ibi bigabanya umutwaro ku mpyiko, ari zo zishinzwe kuyungurura uburozi mu maraso. Byongeye kandi, spirulina ikungahaye kuri aside amine z'ingenzi hamwe n'ingano nto ya purine (ibikomoka kuri metabolike bishobora kubangamira imikorere y'impyiko) bituma iba isoko ya poroteyine nziza ku mpyiko, yirinda guhangayika cyane ku nyamaswa z'impyiko. Phycocyanin, ibigize umubiri wayo w'ingenzi, inagaragaza ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ububyimbirwe, ifasha kugabanya ububyimbirwe bworoheje mu nyamaswa z'impyiko no gushyigikira kugarura imikorere isanzwe y'impyiko. Nubwo idasimbura ubuvuzi bw'indwara zikomeye z'impyiko, spirulina ishobora kuba inkunga y'intungamubiri zuzuzanya mu guteza imbere ubuzima bw'impyiko iyo ikoreshejwe ku buyobozi bw'inzobere.
