Mu bushakashatsi bushya, abashakashatsi basanze imiti mishya ishingiye ku bigize imbuto y’imizabibu ishobora kwagura ubuzima n’ubuzima bw’imbeba.
Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Nature Metabolism, bushiraho urufatiro rwo gukomeza ubushakashatsi ku mavuriro kugira ngo hamenyekane niba izo ngaruka zishobora kwiganwa mu bantu.
Gusaza nikintu cyingenzi gishobora gutera indwara nyinshi zidakira. Abahanga bemeza ko ibi biterwa no gusaza kwa selile. Ibi bibaho mugihe selile zidashobora gukora imirimo yibinyabuzima mumubiri.
Mu myaka yashize, abashakashatsi bavumbuye icyiciro cyibiyobyabwenge cyitwa senolytics. Iyi miti irashobora gusenya ingirabuzimafatizo muri laboratoire n’inyamanswa, birashobora kugabanya kwandura indwara zidakira zivuka uko dusaza kandi tukabaho igihe kirekire.
Muri ubu bushakashatsi, abahanga bavumbuye senolitike nshya ikomoka mu gice cyimbuto zinzabibu zitwa proanthocyanidin C1 (PCC1).
Ukurikije imibare yabanjirije iyi, PCC1 iteganijwe guhagarika ibikorwa byingirabuzimafatizo za senescent hamwe no guhitamo gusenya ingirabuzimafatizo hejuru.
Mu igeragezwa ryambere, bagaragaje imbeba kuri dosiye ya sublethal yimirasire kugirango itere selile. Itsinda rimwe ryimbeba ryakiriye PCC1, irindi tsinda ryakira imodoka itwaye PCC1.
Abashakashatsi basanze ko imbeba zimaze guhura n’imirasire, zagize imiterere idasanzwe y’umubiri, harimo n’imisatsi myinshi.
Kuvura imbeba hamwe na PCC1 byahinduye cyane ibyo biranga. Imbeba zahawe PCC1 nazo zifite selile nkeya za senescent na biomarkers zifitanye isano na selile.
Hanyuma, imbeba zishushe zagize imikorere mike nimbaraga zimitsi. Ariko, ibintu byahindutse mumbeba zahawe PCC1, kandi bari bafite ubuzima bwo hejuru.
Mu bushakashatsi bwa kabiri, abashakashatsi bateye imbeba zishaje hamwe na PCC1 cyangwa imodoka buri byumweru bibiri amezi ane.
Itsinda ryasanze ingirabuzimafatizo nyinshi za senescent mu mpyiko, umwijima, ibihaha na prostate yimbeba zishaje. Ariko, kuvura hamwe na PCC1 byahinduye ibintu.
Imbeba zavuwe na PCC1 nazo zagaragaje iterambere ryimbaraga zo gufata, umuvuduko ntarengwa wo kugenda, kwihangana kumanikwa, kwihangana gukandagira, urwego rwibikorwa bya buri munsi, hamwe nuburinganire ugereranije nimbeba zakiriye imodoka yonyine.
Mu bushakashatsi bwa gatatu, abashakashatsi barebye imbeba zishaje cyane kugirango barebe uko PCC1 yagize ingaruka mubuzima bwabo.
Basanze imbeba zavuwe na PCC1 zabayeho ku kigereranyo cya 9.4% kuruta imbeba zivuwe n’imodoka.
Byongeye kandi, nubwo kubaho igihe kirekire, imbeba zavuwe na PCC1 ntizigeze zigaragaza uburwayi bujyanye n’imyaka ugereranije n’imbeba zavuwe n’imodoka.
Mu ncamake y'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi, umwanditsi w’umwanditsi Porofeseri Sun Yu wo mu kigo cy’imirire n’ubuzima cya Shanghai mu Bushinwa na bagenzi be yagize ati: “Dutanze ibimenyetso byerekana ko [PCC1] ifite ubushobozi bwo gutinza cyane imikorere mibi y’imyaka ndetse no mu gihe yafashwe.” nyuma mu buzima, ifite amahirwe menshi yo kugabanya indwara ziterwa n’imyaka no kuzamura umusaruro w’ubuzima, bityo hafungurwa inzira nshya z’ubuvuzi bw’ibihe bizaza kugira ngo ubuzima no kuramba. ”
Dr James Brown, umwe mu bagize ikigo cya Aston gishinzwe gusaza ubuzima bwiza i Birmingham, mu Bwongereza, yatangarije ikinyamakuru Medical News Today ko ubushakashatsi butanga ikindi kimenyetso cyerekana inyungu zishobora guterwa n’ibiyobyabwenge birwanya ubusaza. Dr. Brown ntabwo yagize uruhare mu bushakashatsi buherutse.
Ati: “Senolytike ni icyiciro gishya cyo kurwanya gusaza gikunze kuboneka muri kamere. Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekana ko PCC1, hamwe n’ibintu nka quercetin na fisetine, ibasha guhitamo kwica ingirabuzimafatizo za senescent mu gihe ituma ingirabuzimafatizo zikiri nto, zifite ubuzima bwiza zikomeza kubaho neza. ”
Ati: “Ubu bushakashatsi, kimwe n'ubundi bushakashatsi bwakozwe muri kariya gace, bwasuzumye ingaruka z’ibi bivangwa mu nzoka no mu bindi binyabuzima byo hasi, ku buryo hakiri byinshi kugira ngo hamenyekane ingaruka zo kurwanya gusaza z’ibi bice mu bantu.”
Dr. Brown yagize ati: "Senolytics rwose isezeranya kuba ibiyobyabwenge biza ku isonga mu iterambere."
Porofeseri Ilaria Bellantuono, umwarimu w’ubusaza bwa musculoskeletal muri kaminuza ya Sheffield mu Bwongereza, yemeye mu kiganiro na MNT ko ikibazo nyamukuru ari ukumenya niba ibyo byagaragaye bishobora kwigana abantu. Porofeseri Bellantuono na we ntiyagize uruhare muri ubwo bushakashatsi.
Ati: “Ubu bushakashatsi bwiyongereye ku bimenyetso byerekana ko kwibasira ingirabuzimafatizo za senescent hamwe n’ibiyobyabwenge byica bitwa 'senolytics,' bishobora guteza imbere imikorere y’umubiri uko dusaza kandi bigatuma imiti ya chimiotherapie ikora neza muri kanseri.”
“Ni ngombwa kumenya ko amakuru yose yo muri kariya gace akomoka ku nyamaswa - muri iki gihe, imiterere y'imbeba. Ikibazo nyacyo ni ukumenya niba ibiyobyabwenge bifite akamaro kangana [mubantu]. Nta makuru aboneka muri iki gihe. ” , kandi ibizamini byo kwa muganga biratangiye. ", Porofeseri Bellantuono.
Dr David Clancy ukomoka mu ishami rya Biomedicine na Biologiya muri kaminuza ya Lancaster mu Bwongereza, yabwiye MNT ko urugero rw'imiti rushobora kuba ikibazo mu gihe cyo gukoresha ibisubizo ku bantu. Dr. Clancy ntabwo yagize uruhare mu bushakashatsi buherutse.
“Ingano ihabwa imbeba akenshi iba nini cyane ugereranije nibyo abantu bashobora kwihanganira. Ingano ikwiye ya PCC1 mubantu irashobora gutera uburozi. Ubushakashatsi ku mbeba burashobora gutanga amakuru; umwijima wabo ugaragara nka metabolize ibiyobyabwenge cyane nkumwijima wumuntu kuruta umwijima wimbeba. ”
Dr Richard Siow, umuyobozi w’ubushakashatsi busaza muri King's College London, na we yabwiye MNT ko ubushakashatsi bw’inyamaswa zitari abantu bidashobora byanze bikunze gutera ingaruka nziza z’amavuriro ku bantu. Dr. Siow nawe ntiyagize uruhare muri ubwo bushakashatsi.
Ati: “Ntabwo buri gihe ngereranya kuvumbura imbeba, inyo n'isazi n'abantu, kuko ikigaragara ni uko dufite konti muri banki kandi ntayo. Dufite ikotomoni, ariko ntayo. Dufite ibindi bintu mubuzima. Shimangira ko inyamaswa tudafite: ibiryo, itumanaho, akazi, guhamagara Zoom. Nzi neza ko imbeba zishobora gushimangirwa mu buryo butandukanye, ariko ubusanzwe duhangayikishijwe cyane n'amafaranga asigaye muri banki, ”Dr. Xiao.
Ati: "Nibyo koko, ibyo ni urwenya, ariko kubijyanye, ibintu byose wasomye kubyerekeye imbeba ntibishobora guhindurwa kubantu. Niba wari imbeba ukaba ushaka kubaho imyaka 200 - cyangwa imbeba ihwanye. Ku myaka 200, ibyo byaba byiza, ariko birumvikana kubantu? Buri gihe ibyo ni ubuvumo iyo mvuze ku bushakashatsi ku nyamaswa. ”
Ati: “Ku ruhande rwiza, ubu ni ubushakashatsi bukomeye buduha ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana ko n'inzira nyinshi ubushakashatsi bwanjye bwibanzeho ari ngombwa iyo dutekereje ku mibereho muri rusange.”
Dr. Siow yagize ati: "Yaba icyitegererezo cy'inyamaswa cyangwa icyitegererezo cy'umuntu, hashobora kubaho inzira zimwe na zimwe za molekuline dukeneye kureba mu rwego rwo kugerageza kwa muganga kwa kimuntu hamwe n'ibimera nk'imbuto z'imizabibu proanthocyanidins".
Muganga Xiao yavuze ko kimwe gishoboka ari uguteza imbere imbuto zinzabibu nkinyongera yimirire.
“Kugira icyitegererezo cyiza cy’inyamanswa gifite ibisubizo byiza [no gutangaza mu kinyamakuru gifite ingaruka zikomeye] byongerera imbaraga iterambere n’ishoramari mu bushakashatsi bw’ubuvuzi bw’abantu, haba muri guverinoma, mu mavuriro cyangwa mu bashoramari n’inganda. Fata iyi mbogamizi hanyuma ushire imbuto z'inzabibu mu bisate nk'inyongera y'ibiryo ukurikije iyi ngingo. ”
"Inyongera mfata ishobora kuba itarageragejwe mu mavuriro, ariko amakuru y’inyamaswa yerekana ko yongera ibiro - bigatuma abakiriya bemera ko hari ikintu kirimo. Biri mu bigize uburyo abantu batekereza ku biryo. ” inyongera. ” mu buryo bumwe, ibi ni ingirakamaro mu gusobanukirwa kuramba ”, Dr. Xiao.
Dr. Xiao yashimangiye ko imibereho y’umuntu nayo ari ngombwa, atari igihe yamara.
“Niba twita ku cyizere cyo kubaho, kandi icy'ingenzi, icyizere cyo kubaho, dukeneye gusobanura icyo icyizere cyo kubaho gisobanura. Nibyiza niba tubaho imyaka 150, ariko sibyiza cyane niba tumaranye imyaka 50 ishize muburiri. ”
"Noneho aho kuramba, birashoboka ko ijambo ryiza ryaba ubuzima no kuramba: ushobora kuba wongeyeho imyaka mubuzima bwawe, ariko wongeyeho imyaka mubuzima bwawe? Cyangwa iyi myaka ntacyo ivuze? Nubuzima bwo mumutwe: urashobora kubaho ufite imyaka 130. kera, ariko niba udashobora kwishimira iyi myaka, birakwiye? ”
Ati: "Ni ngombwa ko tureba uburyo bwagutse bw'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe n'imibereho myiza, intege nke, ibibazo bigenda, uko dusaza muri sosiyete - hari imiti ihagije? Cyangwa dukeneye kwitabwaho cyane? Niba dufite inkunga yo kubaho kuri 90, 100 cyangwa 110? Guverinoma ifite politiki? ”
Ati: "Niba iyi miti idufasha, kandi tumaze imyaka irenga 100, twokora iki kugirango tuzamure imibereho yacu aho gufata ibiyobyabwenge byinshi? Hano ufite imbuto z'inzabibu, amakomamanga, n'ibindi. ”Dr. Xiao. .
Porofeseri Bellantuono yavuze ko ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bizagira agaciro cyane cyane mu gupima amavuriro arimo abarwayi ba kanseri bahabwa imiti ya chimiotherapie.
Ati: “Ikibazo gihuriweho na senolitike ni ukumenya uzabagirira akamaro n'uburyo bwo gupima inyungu mu bigeragezo bivura.”
Ati: “Byongeye kandi, kubera ko imiti myinshi ifite akamaro kanini mu gukumira indwara aho kuyivura imaze gupimwa, ibizamini byo kwa muganga bishobora gufata imyaka bitewe n'ibihe kandi bikaba bihenze cyane.”
“Icyakora, muri uru rubanza rwihariye, [abashakashatsi] bagaragaje itsinda ry'abarwayi bazabyungukiramo: abarwayi ba kanseri bahabwa imiti ya chimiotherapie. Byongeye kandi, birazwi igihe hashyizweho ingirabuzimafatizo za senescente (ni ukuvuga na chimiotherapie) n'igihe “Uru ni urugero rwiza rw’ubushakashatsi bwerekana ibimenyetso bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane imikorere ya senolitike ku barwayi”. Bellantuono. ”
Abahanga mu bya siyansi bahinduye neza kandi neza ibimenyetso byo gusaza mu mbeba basubiramo porogaramu zimwe na zimwe.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Baylor College of Medicine bwerekanye ko inyongeramusaruro zatinze cyangwa zikosora ibintu byo gusaza bisanzwe mu mbeba, bishobora kuramba…
Ubushakashatsi bushya mu mbeba no mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'abantu bugaragaza ko ibivangwa n'imbuto bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso. Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza kandi uburyo bwo kugera kuri iyi ntego.
Abahanga binjije amaraso yimbeba zishaje mumbeba zikiri nto kugirango barebe ingaruka kandi barebe niba nuburyo bagabanya ingaruka zayo.
Indyo irwanya gusaza iragenda ikundwa. Muri iki kiganiro turaganira ku byavuye mu isuzuma riherutse gukorwa ku bimenyetso hanyuma tubaza niba hari…