Uruhu n'imbuto by'imizabibu n'imbuto birimo resveratrol, bigatuma divayi itukura ikungahaye kuri iyi divayi. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ifite akamaro kanini ku buzima, ariko ugomba kumenya byinshi ku rugero rw'inyongeramusaruro ukeneye gufata.
Niba warumvise ko divayi itukura ifasha kugabanya cholesterol, ushobora kuba warumvise resveratrol, ikimera gikunze kuvugwa cyane muri divayi itukura.
Uretse kuba ari kimwe mu bigize divayi itukura n'ibindi biribwa, resveratrol ifite n'ubushobozi ku buzima.
Mu by’ukuri, inyongeramusaruro za resveratrol zifitanye isano n’inyungu nyinshi zitangaje ku buzima, harimo kurinda imikorere y’ubwonko no kugabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso (1, 2, 3, 4).
Iyi nkuru isobanura ibyo ukeneye kumenya kuri resveratrol, harimo n'inyungu zirindwi zikomeye ku buzima.
Resveratrol ni ikimera gikora nk'umusemburo w'ingufu zirwanya indwara. Ibiribwa by'ingenzi birimo divayi itukura, imizabibu, imbuto zimwe na zimwe, n'ubunyobwa (5, 6).
Iyi mvange ikunda kwibanda ku ruhu n'imbuto z'imizabibu n'imbuto. Ibi bice by'imizabibu bigira uruhare mu guhisha divayi itukura bityo bikaba bifite ubwinshi bwinshi bwa resveratrol (5, 7).
Ariko, inyigo nyinshi za resveratrol zakorewe ku nyamaswa no mu miyoboro y’igerageza hakoreshejwe ingano nini y’iyi mvange (5, 8).
Mu bushakashatsi buke bwakorewe ku bantu, inyinshi zibanze ku bwoko bw’inyongera bw’iki kinyabutabire, buboneka mu rugero ruri hejuru ugereranyije n’ububoneka mu biribwa (5).
Resveratrol ni ikintu kirwanya antioxidant kiboneka muri divayi itukura, imbuto n'ubunyobwa. Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwakozwe n'abantu bwakoresheje inyongeramusaruro zirimo resveratrol nyinshi.
Bitewe n’ubushobozi bwayo bwo kurwanya indwara ziterwa na antioxydants, resveratrol ishobora kuba inyongera nziza yo kugabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso (9).
Isuzuma ryakozwe mu 2015 ryagaragaje ko dose nyinshi zishobora gufasha kugabanya umuvuduko ku nkuta z'imitsi iyo umutima utera (3).
Uyu muvuduko witwa umuvuduko w'amaraso wa systolic kandi ugaragara nk'umubare munini mu gipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amaraso.
Umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije ugenda wiyongera uko umuntu akura bitewe n'indwara ya atherosclerosis. Iyo ukabije, uba ari ikintu gishobora gutera indwara z'umutima n'imitsi.
Resveratrol ishobora kugira ingaruka nziza zo kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso binyuze mu gufasha gukora nitric oxide nyinshi, ituma imiyoboro y'amaraso iruhuka (10, 11).
Ariko, abanditsi b’ubushakashatsi bavuze ko hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kugira ngo habeho inama zihariye ku gipimo cyiza cya resveratrol kugira ngo habeho ingaruka nyinshi ku muvuduko w’amaraso.
Ubushakashatsi bwinshi ku nyamaswa bwagaragaje ko inyongeramusaruro za resveratrol zishobora guhindura lipide mu maraso mu buryo bwiza (12, 13).
Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2016, imbeba zagaburiwe indyo irimo poroteyine nyinshi n'ibinure byinshi birimo resveratrol.
Abashakashatsi basanze ikigereranyo cya cholesterol yose hamwe n'uburemere bw'umubiri by'imbeba byaragabanutse, mu gihe urwego rwa cholesterol "nziza" ya HDL rwongeye kwiyongera (13).
Resveratrol isa nkaho igira ingaruka ku rugero rwa cholesterol mu kugabanya imikorere ya enzymes zigenzura ikorwa rya cholesterol (13).
Nk'umuti urwanya indwara, bigabanya kandi ogisijeni ya cholesterol "mbi" ya LDL. Ogisijeni ya LDL ituma habaho plaque mu rukuta rw'imitsi (9, 14).
Nyuma y'amezi atandatu yo kuvurwa, abitabiriye gufata umuti w'imizabibu utari urimo ibintu byinshi cyangwa placebo bagabanutseho 4.5% bya LDL naho LDL yagabanutseho 20% (15).
Inyongeramusaruro za Resveratrol zishobora kongera urugero rw'ibinure mu maraso mu nyamaswa. Kubera ko ari antioxydant, bigabanya kandi oxidation ya cholesterol ya LDL.
Ubushobozi bw'iyi mvange bwo kongera igihe cyo kubaho cy'ibinyabuzima bitandukanye bwabaye ishami rikomeye ry'ubushakashatsi (16).
Hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko resveratrol ikora ku ngirabuzimafatizo zimwe na zimwe, bityo ikarinda indwara zo gusaza (17).
Ibi bikora mu buryo nk'ubwo kugabanya karori, byagaragaje umusaruro mwiza mu kongera igihe cyo kubaho binyuze mu guhindura uburyo gene zigaragara (18, 19).
Isuzuma ry’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku bijyanye n’iyi sano ryagaragaje ko resveratrol yongereye igihe cyo kubaho muri 60% by’ibinyabuzima byakoreweho ubushakashatsi, ariko ingaruka zabyo zagaragaye cyane ku binyabuzima bidafitanye isano rya hafi n’abantu, nk’inzoka n’amafi (20).
Ubushakashatsi ku nyamaswa bwagaragaje ko inyongeramusaruro za resveratrol zishobora kongera igihe cyo kubaho. Ariko, ntibiramenyekana neza niba zizagira ingaruka nk'izo ku bantu.
Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwagaragaje ko kunywa divayi itukura bishobora gufasha kugabanya igabanuka ry'ubushobozi bwo gutekereza riterwa no gusaza (21, 22, 23, 24).
Bisa nkaho bibangamira ibice bya poroteyine byitwa amyloid beta, ingenzi mu ikorwa ry’udukoko turanga indwara ya Alzheimer (21, 25).
Nubwo ubu bushakashatsi bushimishije, abahanga mu bya siyansi baracyafite ibibazo ku bushobozi bw'umubiri bwo gukoresha resveratrol y'inyongera, bigatuma ikoreshwa ako kanya nk'inyongera irinda ubwonko (1, 2).
Resveratrol ni ikintu gikomeye cyane kirwanya ubushyuhe kandi gishobora kurinda uturemangingo tw’ubwonko kwangirika.
Izi nyungu zirimo kunoza uburyo insuline ikoreshwa mu gupima no gukumira ibibazo bya diyabete (26, 27, 28, 29).
Kimwe mu bisobanuro by'uko resveratrol ikora ni uko ishobora kubuza enzyme guhindura glucose muri sorbitol, alcool y'isukari.
Iyo sorbitol nyinshi yirundanyije mu mibiri y'abantu barwaye diyabete, ishobora gutera stress yangiza uturemangingo (30, 31).
Resveratrol ishobora no gufasha abarwayi ba diyabete kurusha abantu batari diyabete. Mu bushakashatsi bumwe bw’inyamaswa, divayi itukura na resveratrol byagaragaye ko ari antioxydants zikomeye mu mbeba zirwaye diyabete kurusha mu mbeba zidafite diyabete (32).
Abashakashatsi bavuga ko iyi mvange ishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura diyabete n'ingorane zayo mu gihe kizaza, ariko hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi.
Resveratrol ifasha imbeba kongera ubushobozi bwo kumva insuline no kurwanya ibibazo bya diyabete. Mu gihe kizaza, abarwayi ba diyabete nabo bashobora kungukirwa n'ubuvuzi bwa resveratrol.
Inyongeramusaruro z'ibimera ziri kwigwaho nk'uburyo bwo kuvura no gukumira ububabare bw'ingingo. Iyo ifashwe nk'inyongeramusaruro, resveratrol ishobora gufasha kurinda umugese kwangirika kw'ingingo (33, 34).
Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwateye resveratrol mu ngingo z'amavi y'inkwavu zirwaye rubagimpande maze busanga izi nkwavu zangiritse cyane mu magufwa yazo (34).
Ubundi bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu buryo bwa "test tube" n'ubw'inyamaswa bwagaragaje ubushobozi bw'iki kinyabutabire mu kugabanya ububyimbirwe no gukumira kwangirika kw'ingingo (33, 35, 36, 37).
Resveratrol yakozweho ubushakashatsi ku bushobozi bwayo bwo gukumira no kuvura kanseri, cyane cyane mu miyoboro yo gupima. Ariko, ibisubizo byaravanzwe (30, 38, 39).
Byagaragaye ko birwanya uturemangingo twa kanseri mu bushakashatsi bw’inyamaswa no mu miyoboro y’ibizamini, harimo kanseri y’igifu, iy’amara, iy’uruhu, iy’ibere, na kanseri ya prostate (40, 41, 42, 43, 44).
Ariko, kubera ko ubushakashatsi kugeza ubu bwakorewe mu dukoresho two gupima no mu nyamaswa, hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kugira ngo hamenyekane niba n'uburyo iki kintu gishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri ku bantu.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe hakoreshejwe inyongeramusaruro za resveratrol ntibwagaragaje ingaruka zikomeye. Bisa nkaho abantu bazima bihanganira ingaruka mbi cyane (47).
Ariko, bikwiye kumenyekana ko ubu nta nama zihamye zihari ku bijyanye n'ingano ya resveratrol umuntu agomba gufata kugira ngo agire akamaro ku buzima.
Hariho kandi n'imiburo imwe n'imwe, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n'uburyo resveratrol ikorana n'indi miti.
Kubera ko doze nyinshi zagaragaye ko zirinda kuvura amaraso mu miyoboro y’ibizamini, zishobora kongera kuva amaraso cyangwa gukomereka iyo zifashwe hamwe n’imiti igabanya amaraso nka heparin cyangwa warfarin, cyangwa imiti imwe n’imwe igabanya ububabare (48, 49).
Resveratrol kandi ibuza imisemburo ifasha gukura ibintu bimwe na bimwe mu mubiri. Ibi bivuze ko imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora kugera ku rugero rutekanye. Muri iyi miti harimo imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, imiti igabanya guhangayika, n'imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri (50).
Niba urimo gufata imiti, ushobora kuvugana na muganga wawe mbere yo gufata umuti wa resveratrol.