Aside amine tryptophan ifite akamaro kenshi ku buzima, ariko ingaruka zayo ku buzima bw'ubwonko zirakwiye kwitabwaho. Igira ingaruka ku byiyumvo byawe, ku mitekerereze yawe n'imyitwarire yawe, ndetse no ku ngengabihe yawe yo gusinzira.
Umubiri urakenewe kugira ngo ukore poroteyine n'izindi molekile z'ingenzi, harimo n'izikenewe cyane kugira ngo umuntu asigare neza kandi agire amarangamutima meza.
By’umwihariko, tryptophan ishobora guhindurwamo molekile yitwa 5-HTP (5-hydroxytryptophan), ikoreshwa mu gukora serotonin na melatonin (2, 3).
Serotonin igira ingaruka ku ngingo nyinshi, harimo ubwonko n'amara. By'umwihariko mu bwonko, igira ingaruka ku gusinzira, ubwenge, n'amarangamutima (4, 5).
Iyo bishyizwe hamwe, tryptophan n'uturemangingo dukora ni ingenzi kugira ngo umubiri ukore neza.
Incamake Tryptophan ni aside amine ishobora guhindurwamo molekile nyinshi z'ingenzi, harimo serotonin na melatonin. Tryptophan n'uturemangingo dukora bigira ingaruka ku mikorere myinshi y'umubiri, harimo gusinzira, amarangamutima, n'imyitwarire.
Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwagaragaje ko abantu bafite ikibazo cy’ihungabana bashobora kugira urugero ruri hasi rw’urugero rwa tryptophan (7, 8).
Mu kugabanya urugero rwa tryptophan, abashakashatsi bashobora kumenya imikorere yayo. Kugira ngo babigereho, abitabiriye ubushakashatsi banyweye aside amine nyinshi hamwe na tryptophan cyangwa idafite (9).
Mu bushakashatsi bumwe, abantu 15 bazima bahuye n’imimerere ibabaza inshuro ebyiri: rimwe ubwo bari bafite urugero rusanzwe rwa tryptophan mu maraso n’irindi ubwo bari bafite urugero ruke rwa tryptophan mu maraso (10).
Abashakashatsi basanze iyo abitabiriye amahugurwa bari bafite urugero ruto rwa tryptophan, imihangayiko, ubwoba n'ubwoba byari byinshi.
Incamake: Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko urugero ruke rwa tryptophan rushobora gutera indwara zo mu mutwe, harimo kwiheba no guhangayika.
Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko iyo urugero rwa tryptophan rwagabanutse, imikorere y'igihe kirekire mu kwibuka yari mibi kurusha uko byari bimeze ku rugero rusanzwe (14).
Byongeye kandi, isuzuma ryakozwe ryagaragaje ko urugero rwo hasi rwa tryptophan rugira ingaruka mbi ku bwenge no kwibuka (15).
Izi ngaruka zishobora kuba zifitanye isano no kugabanuka k'urugero rwa tryptophan no kugabanuka k'umusaruro wa serotonin (15).
Incamake: Tryptophan ni ingenzi mu mikorere y'ubwonko bitewe n'uruhare rwayo mu gukora serotonin. Ingano nke y'iyi aside amine ishobora kwangiza ubushobozi bwawe bwo gutekereza, harimo no kwibuka ibyabaye cyangwa ibyakubayeho.
Mu mubiri, tryptophan ishobora guhindurwamo molekile 5-HTP, hanyuma igakora serotonin (14, 16).
Bashingiye ku bushakashatsi bwinshi, abashakashatsi bemeranya ko ingaruka nyinshi z’urugero rwa tryptophan ruri hejuru cyangwa ruto ziterwa n’ingaruka zarwo kuri serotonin cyangwa 5-HTP (15).
Serotonin na 5-HTP bibangamira imikorere myinshi mu bwonko, kandi kubangamira ibikorwa byabo bisanzwe bishobora gutera kwiheba no guhangayika (5).
Mu by’ukuri, imiti myinshi ikoreshwa mu kuvura ihungabana ihindura uburyo serotonin ikora mu bwonko, yongera imikorere yayo (19).
Uburyo bwo kuvura bwa 5-HTP bushobora kandi gufasha kongera urugero rwa serotonin no kunoza ibyiyumvo, ndetse no kugabanya ubwoba n'ibitotsi (5, 21).
Muri rusange, guhindura tryptophan muri serotonin ni byo bitera ingaruka nyinshi zagaragaye ku marangamutima no ku bwenge (15).
Incamake: Akamaro ka tryptophan gashobora guterwa n'uruhare rwayo mu gukora serotonin. Serotonin ni ingenzi mu mikorere myiza y'ubwonko, kandi urugero ruto rwa tryptophan rushobora kugabanya ingano ya serotonin mu mubiri.
Iyo serotonin ikorewe mu mubiri iturutse kuri tryptophan, ishobora guhinduka indi molekile y'ingenzi, melatonin.
Mu by’ukuri, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko kongera urugero rwa tryptophan mu maraso byongera mu buryo butaziguye urugero rwa serotonin na melatonin (17).
Uretse melatonin, iboneka mu mubiri mu buryo busanzwe, melatonin ni inyongera ikunzwe iboneka mu biribwa bitandukanye, harimo inyanya, strawberries, n'imizabibu (22Trusted Source).
Melatonin igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umubiri yo gusinzira no kubyuka. Iyi mikorere igira ingaruka ku yindi mirimo myinshi, harimo n'iy'ingufu zikoreshwa mu mubiri ndetse n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri (23).
Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwagaragaje ko kongera tryptophan mu mirire byongera ibitotsi binyuze mu kongera melatonin (24, 25).
Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko kurya ibinyampeke bikungahaye kuri tryptophan mu ifunguro rya mu gitondo na nimugoroba byafashije abantu bakuru gusinzira vuba no gusinzira igihe kirekire ugereranije no kurya ibinyampeke bisanzwe (25).
Ibimenyetso byo guhangayika no kwiheba nabyo byaragabanutse, kandi tryptophan ishobora kongera urugero rwa serotonin na melatonin.
Ubundi bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko gufata melatonin nk'inyongera byongera ubwinshi n'ireme ry'ibitotsi (26, 27).
Incamake: Melatonin ni ingenzi ku mubiri mu gihe cyo gusinzira no kubyuka. Kongera tryptophan bishobora kongera urugero rwa melatonin no kongera ubwinshi n'ubwiza bw'ibitotsi.
Hari ibiryo byinshi cyane cyane birimo tryptophan, harimo inkoko, shrimp, amagi, moose na crabs (28).
Ushobora kandi kongeramo tryptophan cyangwa imwe muri molekile ikora, nka 5-HTP na melatonin.
Incamake: Tryptophan iboneka mu biribwa birimo poroteyine cyangwa inyongeramusaruro. Ingano nyayo ya poroteyine mu mirire yawe izatandukana bitewe n'ingano n'ubwoko bwa poroteyine urya, ariko bivugwa ko indyo isanzwe itanga garama 1 ya poroteyine ku munsi.
Niba ushaka kunoza ibitotsi byawe n'ubuzima bwawe, inyunganiramirire za tryptophan zirakwiye kuzirikanwa. Ariko, hari andi mahitamo ufite.
Ushobora gufata icyemezo cyo kongeramo molekile zikomoka kuri tryptophan. Izi zirimo 5-HTP na melatonin.
Iyo ufashe tryptophan ubwayo, ishobora gukoreshwa mu zindi nzira z’umubiri zitari serotonin na melatonin, nko gukora poroteyine cyangwa niacin. Niyo mpamvu kongeramo 5-HTP cyangwa melatonin bishobora kuba amahitamo meza kuri bamwe (5).
Abashaka kunoza ibyiyumvo cyangwa ubushobozi bwo gutekereza bashobora gufata inyunganiramirire ya tryptophan cyangwa 5-HTP.
Byongeye kandi, 5-HTP ifite izindi ngaruka, nko kugabanya ibyo kurya no gupima ibiro by'umubiri (30, 31).
Ku bantu bashishikajwe cyane no kunoza ibitotsi, inyongeramusaruro ya melatonin ishobora kuba amahitamo meza (27).
Incamake: Tryptophan cyangwa ibicuruzwa byayo (5-HTP na melatonin) bishobora gufatwa byonyine nk'inyongeramusaruro. Niba uhisemo gufata imwe muri izi nyongeramusaruro, amahitamo meza aterwa n'ibimenyetso urimo kwibandaho.
Kubera ko tryptophan ari aside amine iboneka mu biribwa byinshi, ifatwa nk'aho idafite ingaruka mbi ku rugero rusanzwe.
Indyo isanzwe ibarirwa muri garama 1 ku munsi, ariko hari abantu bahitamo gufata inyongeramusaruro zigera kuri garama 5 ku munsi (29Trusted Source).
Ingaruka mbi zishobora kubaho zimaze imyaka irenga 50 zigibwaho ubushakashatsi, ariko nta raporo nyinshi zibigaragaza.
Ariko, ingaruka mbi nko kugira isesemi no kuzungera rimwe na rimwe zagaragaye ku rugero ruri hejuru ya 50 mg/kg cyangwa 3.4 g ku bantu bakuru bapima ibiro 68 (29).
Ingaruka mbi zishobora kugaragara cyane iyo ufata tryptophan cyangwa 5-HTP hamwe n'imiti igira ingaruka ku rugero rwa serotonin, nka imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imiti.
Iyo ibikorwa bya serotonin byiyongereye cyane, indwara izwi nka serotonin syndrome ishobora kubaho (33).
Niba ufata imiti iyo ari yo yose igira ingaruka ku rugero rwa serotonin, banza ubaze muganga wawe mbere yo gufata tryptophan cyangwa inyongeramusaruro za 5-HTP.
Incamake: Ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye no kongeramo tryptophan bwagaragaje ingaruka nke. Ariko, hari igihe hagaragaye isesemi no kuzungera ku rugero rwo hejuru. Ingaruka mbi zishobora kwiyongera cyane iyo imiti igira ingaruka ku rugero rwa serotonin.
Serotonin igira ingaruka ku byiyumvo byawe, ku mitekerereze yawe, no ku myitwarire yawe, mu gihe melatonin igira ingaruka ku mikorere yawe yo gusinzira no kubyuka.