Dr. Eduardo Blumwald (iburyo) na Akhilesh Yadav, impamyabumenyi y'ikirenga, hamwe n'abandi bagize itsinda ryabo muri kaminuza ya Californiya, Davis, bahinduye umuceri kugira ngo bashishikarize bagiteri zo mu butaka gukora azote nyinshi ibimera bishobora gukoresha. [Trina Kleist / UC Davis]
Abashakashatsi bifashishije CRISPR mu gukora umuceri kugira ngo bashishikarize bagiteri zo mu butaka gutunganya azote ikenewe kugira ngo ikure. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi birashobora kugabanya ingano y’ifumbire ya azote ikenewe mu guhinga ibihingwa, bikiza abahinzi b’abanyamerika amamiliyaridi y’amadolari buri mwaka kandi bikagirira akamaro ibidukikije mu kugabanya umwanda wa azote.
Dr. Eduardo Blumwald, umwarimu w’ubumenyi bw’ibimera muri kaminuza ya Californiya, Davis, wayoboye ubwo bushakashatsi yagize ati: "Ibimera ni inganda zidasanzwe z’imiti." Ikipe ye yakoresheje CRISPR kugirango yongere igabanuka rya apigenin mumuceri. Basanze apigenin hamwe nibindi bikoresho bitera bagiteri ya azote.
Ibikorwa byabo byasohotse mu kinyamakuru Plant Biotechnology (“Guhindura ingirabuzima fatizo z'umuceri flavonoid biosynthesis byongera imiterere ya biofilm no gutunganya azote ya biologiya na bagiteri itunganya azote”).
Azote ni ngombwa mu mikurire y’ibihingwa, ariko ibimera ntibishobora guhindura azote mu kirere mu buryo bashobora gukoresha. Ahubwo, ibimera bishingiye ku kwinjiza azote idasanzwe, nka ammonia, ikorwa na bagiteri mu butaka. Umusaruro w'ubuhinzi ushingiye ku gukoresha ifumbire irimo azote kugirango umusaruro wiyongere.
Ati: "Niba ibimera bishobora gukora imiti ituma bagiteri zubutaka zitunganya azote yo mu kirere, turashobora gukora inganda kugirango zitange imiti myinshi". Ati: "Iyi miti itera bagiteri yo mu butaka gutunganya azote kandi ibimera bikoresha amonium bivamo, bityo bikagabanya ifumbire mvaruganda."
Itsinda rya Broomwald ryakoresheje isesengura ry’imiti na genomics kugira ngo hamenyekane ibimera mu bimera byumuceri - apigenin nizindi flavonoide - byongera ibikorwa bya bagiteri yo gutunganya azote.
Bahise bamenya inzira zo gukora imiti kandi bakoresha tekinoroji ya CRISPR yo guhindura gene kugirango bongere umusaruro wibintu bitera biofilm. Iyi biofilm irimo bagiteri zongera azote. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibikorwa byo gutunganya azote ya bagiteri byiyongera kandi ammonium iboneka ku gihingwa iriyongera.
Abashakashatsi banditse muri urwo rupapuro bati: "Ibihingwa byumuceri byongerewe imbaraga byerekanaga umusaruro mwinshi iyo bihingwa mu butaka bwa azote." Ati: “Ibisubizo byacu bishyigikira uburyo bwo gukoresha inzira ya flavonoid biosynthesis nk'inzira yo gutera azote ikomoka ku binyampeke no kugabanya ibinyabuzima bya azote. Gukoresha ifumbire. Ingamba nyazo. ”
Ibindi bimera nabyo birashobora gukoresha iyi nzira. Kaminuza ya Californiya yasabye ipatanti ku ikoranabuhanga kandi iracyategereje. Ubushakashatsi bwatewe inkunga na Fondation Will W. Lester. Mubyongeyeho, Bayer CropScience ishyigikira ubundi bushakashatsi kuriyi ngingo.
Blumwald yagize ati: "Ifumbire ya azote ihenze cyane, ihenze cyane." Ati: “Ikintu cyose gishobora gukuraho ibyo biciro ni ngombwa. Ku ruhande rumwe, ni ikibazo cy'amafaranga, ariko azote nayo igira ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije. ”
Ifumbire mvaruganda myinshi yarazimiye, yinjira mu butaka n'amazi yo mu butaka. Ubuvumbuzi bwa Blumwald bushobora gufasha kurengera ibidukikije kugabanya umwanda wa azote. Ati: "Ibi birashobora gutanga ubundi buryo burambye bwo guhinga bwagabanya ikoreshwa ry'ifumbire ya azote irenze".